2. Modular Coding

2.1. Modular Coding Interface

No.	Item	Description
①	Basic Blocks	Blocks provided by MakeCode itself
②	Imported Extensions	Driver blocks provided for peripheral modules.

This extension includes two main categories: “Sensors” and “Actuators.” Depending on the peripheral module’s attributes, you should use the appropriate block under the corresponding category. For example, to use the potentiometer module, which belongs to sensors, you need to find the corresponding block under the sensor category.

For information on importing extensions, refer to the Quick Start guide.

2.1.1. Sensor Modules

The table below details the output type and data type parameters for the extended sensors in the micro:bit kit.

Code Block	Output Type / Data Type
Long-distance Photoelectric	Voltage / Analog
Potentiometer Module	Voltage / Analog
Grayscale Sensor	Voltage / Analog
Photosensitive Sensor	Voltage / Analog
Flame Sensor	Voltage / Analog
Joystick Module	Voltage / Analog
Water Level Sensor	Voltage / Analog
MQ-2 Gas Sensor	Voltage / Analog
Soil Moisture Sensor	Voltage / Analog
Temperature Sensor	Voltage / Analog
PIR Sensor	Level / Digital
Hall Sensor	Level / Digital
Button Sensor	Level / Digital
Ultrasonic Sensor	/

2.1.2. Actuator Modules

The table below details the drive type and data type parameters for the extended actuators in the micro:bit kit.

Code Block	Drive Type / Data Type
Yellow LED Module	Level / Digital
Blue LED Module	Level / Digital
Green LED Module	Level / Digital
Red LED Module	Level / Digital
Laser Module	Level / Digital
Electromagnet Module	Level / Digital
Fan Module	PWM
DC Motor	PWM
OLED Module	I²C
Servo Motor	I²C
Recording Module	I²C
Geek Servo	PWM
RGB LED Module	WS2812

2.1.3. Writing Code Blocks

Code blocks need to be placed in the coding area as required. Blocks that are not placed correctly will be highlighted in yellow. Yellow-highlighted blocks will not be included in the program and will not affect the program’s execution.

2.1.4. Port Selection

Click on the port after the code block to select the port and connect the corresponding port on the hub to the device. The available ports vary for each code block. Ensure that the device is connected to the correct port as selected in the code, as connecting to other ports may cause anomalies.

Note: Make sure to connect the device to the correct port on the hub. Incorrect or loose connections may result in the program not functioning as expected.

2.1.5. Logic Judgment for Code Blocks

Hexagonal blocks like the “Joystick Detected” block can be used for logical judgment with statements like “If…”. When the condition of the block is met (e.g., the joystick is pushed up), it will return true and execute the code after “Then.”

2.1.6. Setting Values for Code Blocks

Code blocks with an oval white input box allow you to input numbers directly or set variables to fill in the input box. The values in the input box are unrestricted, but you should input the correct range of numbers according to the module’s usage rules. Otherwise, the module may operate abnormally.

2.1.7. Special Code Blocks

2.1.7.1. RGB Block

After dragging out the RGB light block, the system will automatically create a variable called “strip.” Any adjustments to the RGB lights will need to reference this specific variable.

Note: The RGB light module can only adjust all lights uniformly and cannot set individual lights’ colors.

In the provided code example, during the initialization phase when the program starts, it first configures the connection port and brightness settings for the RGB light; then, in an infinite loop, the program sets the RGB color of the light to white, meaning that the brightness values for red, green, and blue are all set to 255.

2.1.7.2. Wireless Block

	Wireless Control Blocks
Block
Description	Set Group Block	Send Information Block	Receive Information Block

Wireless control uses 2.4G as the communication medium, enabling wireless communication and control between multiple hubs. First, set the same group (communication channel) for the hubs. The hubs in the same group can send and receive information using the “Send Information Block” and “Receive Information Block.”

Code
Sender/ Receiver	Sender	Receiver

At startup, the sender and receiver are set to the same group (in example, set to 1).

Sender: When button “A” is pressed, send the number “0.” When button “B” is pressed, send the number “1.”

Receiver: First, receive the data and then identify it. If the received data is “0,” turn off the “Yellow LED.” If the data is “1,” turn on the “Yellow LED.”

2.2. Advanced Block

2.2.1. Serial

Serial is often used to read module measurement values and display them as line charts. It can also be used for debugging programs by sending information to the computer to indicate a specific action has been executed after certain conditions are met.

In the example above, the first serial write sends the string “123” to the computer, while the second serial write sends the light sensor value to the computer.

When sending only the light sensor value, click “Show Data Device” on the left to view the waveform. The waveform changes as the light sensor is blocked.

2.3. Other Blocks

For other blocks not mentioned above, please refer to the feature introduction section.